Example of a Microwave Image
Infrared ray
Infrared rays cover the frequency area of 1011Hz to 1014 Hz or the wavelength region of 10-4 cm to 10-1 cm. if you examine the spectrum produced by an incandescent lamp with a detector connected to a milliampermeter, the ampermeter needle is slightly above the end of the red spectrum. Rays that are not seen but can be detected above the red spectrum are called infrared radiation.
Infrared light is produced by electrons in molecules that vibrate because the object is fanned. So every hot object must emit infrared light. The amount of infrared light emitted depends on the temperature and color of the object.
Example infrared image
Visible Light / Light
Visible light or light is light that can help our eyesight. The difference in sensation in the eye due to different light frequencies or wavelengths will cause different colors. The color spectrum of light based on the sequence of rising wavelengths is:
Purple (390nm-455nm)
Blue (455nm-492nm)
Green (492nm-577nm)
Yellow (577nm-597nm)
Orange (597nm-622nm)
Red (622nm-780nm)
Examples of visible light images
Ultraviolet light
Ultraviolet light has frequencies in the area of 1015 Hz to 1016 Hz or in the wave length region of 10-8 m 10-7 m. these waves are produced by atoms and molecules in an electric flame. The sun is the main source that emits ultraviolet light on the surface of the earth, the ozone layer in the upper layer of the atmosphere is what functions to absorb ultraviolet rays and continue ultraviolet rays that do not endanger the life of living things on earth.
Example Image of Ultraviolet Light
X-ray
X-rays have frequencies between 10 Hz and 10 Hz. the wavelength is very short, which is 10 cm to 10 cm. although like that but X-rays have a strong penetrating power, can penetrate thick books, a few centimeters thick wood and 1 cm thick aluminum plate.
Example of an X-ray Image
Gamma rays
Gamma rays have frequencies between 10 Hz to 10 Hz or wavelengths between 10 cm to 10 cm. The greatest penetrating power, which causes serious effects if absorbed by body tissue.
Example Image of Gamma Rays
Application of electromagnetic waves in everyday life:
Radio
Radio energy is the lowest form of electromagnetic energy, with wavelengths ranging from thousands of kilometers to less than one meter. The most widely used is communication, for researching space and radar systems. Radar is useful for studying weather patterns, storms, making 3D maps of the earth's surface, measuring rainfall, movement of ice in polar regions and monitoring the environment. Radar wavelengths range from 0.8 - 100 cm.
Microwave
The wavelength of microwave radiation ranges from 0.3 - 300 cm. Its use is mainly in the field of communication and information transmission through open spaces, cooking, and active PJ systems. In an active PJ system, a microwave pulse is fired at a target and its reflection is measured to study the characteristics of the target. An example application is the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) Microwave Imager (TMI), which measures microwave radiation emitted from the electromagnetic spectrum of Earth's electromagnetic energy to measure evaporation, water content in clouds and rain intensity.